Content marketing

How to Do Negative Keyword Research: A Step-by-Step Guide

January 31, 2025

Negative keyword research might not be the first thing that pops into your mind when you think about digital marketing, but it’s a game-changer for anyone running an online ad campaign. By identifying the terms that you don’t want to trigger your ads, you can save money, improve click-through rates, and ensure that your ads reach the right audience. But how exactly do you go about it?

This guide will walk you through the process, step-by-step. Whether you're managing a small business or working on a large-scale campaign, understanding negative keyword research can make your marketing efforts more effective and cost-efficient.

What Are Negative Keywords?

Before jumping into the how-to, let’s clarify what negative keywords are. Simply put, they are the search terms you exclude from your campaigns to prevent your ads from displaying for irrelevant searches. For example, if you sell high-end watches, you might want to exclude terms like "cheap watches" to avoid clicks from bargain hunters who aren’t likely to convert.

Negative keywords help refine your audience, ensuring that your ads only appear for searches that are relevant to your offerings. This targeting can lead to more qualified leads and, ultimately, a better return on investment. So, how do you find these keywords?

Step 1: Understand Your Target Audience

Getting to know your target audience is crucial. You wouldn't want to serve ads for luxury products to those searching for budget options, right? Start by defining who your ideal customer is and what they are searching for. Consider demographic factors, interests, and purchasing behavior.

Conduct surveys or interviews if needed, and use analytics tools to gather data on your current audience. The insights you gain will guide your negative keyword strategy by highlighting what your audience isn’t interested in. Knowing what doesn’t fit can be just as important as knowing what does.

Step 2: Analyze Your Existing Data

Your existing data is a goldmine for identifying negative keywords. Dive into your current campaign's performance metrics, particularly the search terms report. This report shows you the actual queries that triggered your ad, providing a clear picture of which terms are leading to clicks but not conversions.

Look for patterns in this data. Are there certain phrases or words that consistently attract unqualified leads? Are there irrelevant searches that waste your budget? Create a list of these terms; they are your first batch of negative keywords.

Step 3: Use Keyword Research Tools

Just like with regular keyword research, tools can be incredibly helpful. Tools like Google Keyword Planner, SEMrush, and Ahrefs can offer insights into related search terms that people use. When using these tools, focus on identifying terms that are similar to your primary keywords but may not align with your campaign goals.

For example, if you’re selling high-end athletic shoes, you might find that terms like "discount running shoes" or "cheap sneakers" frequently appear alongside your target keywords. These related terms can often be added to your negative keyword list to avoid attracting the wrong audience.

Step 4: Competitor Analysis

Competitor analysis isn’t just for finding positive keywords; it’s also a treasure trove for negative keyword ideas. Examine the keywords your competitors rank for and consider whether they align with your business goals. There might be overlap, but often you’ll find terms that don’t fit your brand’s message.

Using tools like SpyFu or SimilarWeb can help you see which keywords competitors are bidding on. If they’re targeting a broader range than you are, you’ll likely find terms that aren’t relevant to your niche, which you can then add to your negative list.

Step 5: Consider Seasonal and Contextual Factors

Seasonality and context can play a significant role in keyword relevance. For instance, a winter clothing retailer might want to exclude terms like "summer dresses" during a winter campaign. Keep an eye on the calendar and adjust your negative keywords to reflect seasonal changes.

Similarly, consider the context of your products. If your brand offers eco-friendly products, you might want to exclude terms like "plastic" or "non-recyclable" to ensure your ads are reaching the right eco-conscious audience.

Step 6: Regularly Update Your Negative Keywords List

Negative keyword research isn’t a one-and-done task. It requires regular updates to keep up with changing trends, new products, and shifts in consumer behavior. Schedule routine checks of your search terms report and update your negative keyword list accordingly.

Set a reminder to review your list monthly or quarterly. Keeping your list fresh ensures that your ad budget is used efficiently, targeting only those most likely to convert.

Step 7: Test and Monitor Campaign Performance

Once you’ve established your negative keywords, it’s time to test their effectiveness. Run your campaigns and closely monitor performance metrics. Look for improvements in click-through rates, conversion rates, and overall return on ad spend.

If you notice a particular negative keyword isn’t performing as expected, don’t hesitate to adjust. Online advertising is a dynamic field, and what works today might not work tomorrow. Being flexible and responsive to data is key.

Step 8: Leverage Customer Feedback

Your customers are a valuable resource for refining your negative keyword strategy. Encourage feedback through surveys, reviews, or direct communication. Customers can provide insights into why they chose your brand and what they’re looking for.

Pay attention to any recurring themes in their feedback. If customers frequently mention aspects of your product or service, consider how these relate to your keywords. You might find additional negative keywords to include or discover positive keywords you hadn’t considered.

Final Thoughts

Negative keyword research is a crucial component of any successful digital marketing strategy. By understanding your audience, analyzing data, and continuously refining your approach, you can create campaigns that are not only efficient but also effective.

At Pattern, we understand the importance of a well-rounded approach to SEO. We specialize in helping ecommerce brands and SaaS startups not just rank higher, but drive meaningful results. Our team crafts programmatic landing pages and conversion-focused content that turns visitors into customers. We know SEO is part of a bigger picture, and we’re here to make it a growth channel that truly drives sales. If you're ready to see real results, reach out to us at Pattern today.

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